The author’s report on the original research must present an accurate report of the work carried
out as well as an objective discussion of its significance. The underlying data must be
represented accurately in the manuscript. A paper must contain enough detail and references to
allow others to replicate the work. False or intentionally inaccurate statements are unethical
and unacceptable behavior.
• Originality and Plagiarism
The writers must ensure that they have written the original work in its entirety, and if the
author has used the work and / or words of others that this has been quoted or quoted correctly.
• Multiple or Concurrent Publications
An author may not generally publish manuscripts which basically describe the same research in
more than one major journal or publication. Submitting the same text to more than one journal
simultaneously is unethical and unacceptable publishing behavior.
• Source Recognition
Proper recognition of the work of others must always be given. Authors must cite influential
publications in determining the nature of the work reported.
• Authorship of the Paper
Authorship must be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception,
design, implementation, or interpretation of the research reported. All who have made
significant contributions must be registered as co-authors. Where there are others who have
participated in certain substantive aspects of the research project, they must be recognized or
registered as contributors.
The appropriate author must ensure that all suitable joint authors and no inappropriate
co-authors are included in the manuscript, and that all joint authors have seen and agreed to
the final version of this paper and have approved their submission for publication.
• Disclosure and Conflict of Interest
All authors must disclose in their manuscripts any other conflict of financial or substantive
interest that can be interpreted to affect the results or interpretation of their manuscript.
All sources of financial support for the project must be disclosed.
• Fundamental Mistakes in Published Works
When an author discovers significant errors or inaccuracies in his self-published work, it is
the author’s obligation to immediately notify the journal editor or publisher and work with the
editor to retract or correct the paper.
• Ethical Oversight
If the research work involves chemicals, humans, animals, procedures, or equipment that have
unusual hazards inherent in their use, the author must clearly identify this in the text to
comply with the ethical conduct of research using animals and human subjects. If necessary, the
author must provide ethical legal permission from legal associations or organizations.
If the research involves confidential data and business / marketing practices, the author must
clearly confirm this issue whether the data or information will be hidden safely or not.